Surface Pipeline Water Softening Systems
Water softening process should be carried out by ion exchange method. The ion exchange involves passing the water containing calcium and magnesium ions that cause hardness through a cationic resin in sodium form.
Surface pipeline single and tandem softening systems are used for high capacity flows.
Tandem Automatic Water Softening Systems
The water softening process is carried out through ion exchange method. Ion exchange involves passing the water containing calcium and magnesium ions that cause hardness through a cationic resin in sodium form.
As hard water passes through sodium-based cationic resin, the hardness ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) within it are exchanged with sodium ions (Na+) bound to the resin. Tandem softening systems consist of two softening units. The system is volumetrically controlled based on the volume of water passing through.
Each softening device in tandem systems and duplex systems enters the regeneration circuit sequentially and, once ready, awaits saturation of the unit in the process and self-transfer of the project. Thus, without the need for human intervention and with continuous regeneration processes, the system always produces soft water 24 hours a day. After passing through a certain amount of hard water, resin particles become entirely coated with hardness minerals.
This prevents the retention of hardness minerals. In order to retain hardness ions in the water again, it is necessary to release resin particles from hardness minerals and reattach them to sodium particles. This process is called “regeneration”. The regeneration process consists of 5 stages: backwashing, brine suction, rinsing, rapid rinsing, and brine filling. At the end of the 5 stages, the resin releases calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions while retaining sodium (Na+) ions and becomes ready for service.
Time-Controlled Automatic Water Softening Systems
TWG Günsu softeners are fully automatic and can operate based on time, starting regeneration automatically at the desired time according to the time-based operating mode.
Additionally, manual regeneration can be performed if desired.
Flow-Controlled Automatic Water Softening Systems
TWG Günsu water softening systems perform water softening through ion exchange method in flow-controlled manner. Ion exchange involves passing water containing calcium and magnesium ions that cause hardness through a cationic resin in sodium form.
As hard water passes through sodium-based cationic resin, the hardness ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) within it are exchanged with sodium ions (Na+) bound to the resin. After passing through a certain amount of hard water, resin particles become entirely coated with hardness minerals.
This prevents the retention of hardness minerals. In order to retain hardness ions in the water again, it is necessary to release resin particles from hardness minerals and reattach them to sodium particles. This process is called “regeneration”.
The regeneration process consists of 5 main stages: backwashing, brine suction, slow rinsing, rapid rinsing, and brine filling. At the end of the 5 stages, the resin releases calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions while retaining sodium (Na+) ions and becomes ready for service. When designing water softening units, the amount of resin to be placed in the resin tank is calculated based on the raw water characteristics, daily average flow rates, and peak water consumption.
Additionally, the regeneration process can be automated based on time control, flow control, or hardness analyzer measurements of the output water hardness level. The resin used in TWG Günsu softeners is resistant to wear, long-lasting, has high exchange capacity, low salt consumption, and uniform granule size.